D.J. Gibson, Z. Heetun, K. Byrne, D. Keegan, G. Cullen, H. Mulcahy, G.A. Doherty, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Centre for Colorectal Disease, Dublin, Ireland

N. Duijvis^{1, 2}, G. D'Haens*³, A. te Velde², F. van Dooren², D. Oudejans², S. Keskin², S. Wolfkamp², E. Vogels², P. Henneman², G. D'Haens³

¹Amsterdam Medical Center, Tytgat institute for liver and intestinal research, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²Academic Medical Center, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ³Academic Medical Center, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands

N. Viazis, J. Anastasiou, T. Koukouratos, M. Giakoumis, E. Anastasopoulos, M. Chanias, K. Markoglou, D. Karamanolis, Evangelismos Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Athens, Greece

L. Amininejad*¹, B. Charloteaux², E. Théâtre², J. Van Cauter³, P. Hayard³, V. Muls⁴, J.M. Maisin⁵, M. Schapira⁵, J.-M. Ghislain⁵, P. Closset⁶, M. Talib⁷, M. Abramowicz⁸, M. Mni², L. Karim², N. Cambisano², J. Devière¹, M. De Vos⁹, E. Louis¹⁰, S. Vermeire¹¹, A. Van Gossum¹, W. Coppieters², M. Georges², D. Franchimont¹

¹Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology and Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ²Groupe Interdisciplinaire de génoprotéomique Appliquée (GIGA-R) and Faculty of veterinary medicine, University of Liège (B34), Unit of Animal Genomic, Liège, Belgium, ³Charleroi University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Charleroi, Belgium, ⁴Saint Pierre Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ⁵Jolimont Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, La Louvière, Belgium, ⁶Ixelles Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ⁷Brugmann Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Brussels, Belgium, ⁸Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Human Genetics, Brussels, Belgium, ⁹Ghent University Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent, Belgium, ¹⁰Sart Tilman Hospital, University of Liège (B34), Department of Gastroenterology, Liège, Belgium, ¹¹KU Leuven, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medecine, Gastroenterology section, Leuven, Belgium

E.K. Wright, P.P. De Cruz, M.A. Kamm, A.L. Hamilton, K.J. Ritchie, E.O. Krejany, A. Gorelik, D. Liew, L. Prideaux, I.C. Lawrance, J.M. Andrews, P.A. Bampton, S.L. Jakobovits, T.H. Florin, P.R. Gibson, H.S. Debinski, A.S. Day, R.B. Gearry, F.A. Macrae, D. Samuel, R.W. Leong, I.J. Kronborg, G.L. Radford-Smith, W.S. Selby, M.J. Johnson, R.J. Woods, P.R. Elliott, S.J. Bell, S.J. Brown, W.R. Connell, P.V. Desmond, St Vincent's Hospital & University of Melbourne, Gastroenterology, Melbourne, Australia

N. Maharshak*¹, L. Reshef², O. Davidov¹, H. Tulchinsky³, U. Gophna², I. Dotan¹

¹Tel Aviv Medical Center, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv, Israel, ²Tel Aviv University, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv, Israel, ³Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, affiliated to Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Proctology Unit, Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv, Israel

I. Molendijk¹, V.J. Nuij², A.E. van der Meulen-de Jong¹, C.J. van der Woude², ¹Leiden University Medical Center, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden, Netherlands, ²Erasmus University Medical Center, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rotterdam, Netherlands

J. Sabino*¹, S. Vieira-Silva^{2, 3}, K. Machiels¹, M. Joossens^{2, 3, 4}, G. Falony^{2, 3}, V. Ballet¹, M. Ferrante¹, G. Van Assche¹, S. Van Der Merwe⁵, J. Raes^{2, 3*}, S. Vermeire^1*

1KU Leuven, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium, 2REGA institute, KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium, 3Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium, 4VUB, Department of Microbiology, Brussels, Belgium, 5University Hospitals of Leuven, Department of Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium, *Contributed equally as joint last authors

S. Sahami¹, C. Buskens¹, T. Young-Fadok², A. de Buck van Overstraeten³, A. D'Hoore³, W. Bemelman¹, ¹Academic Medical Center, Surgery, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²Mayo Clinic, Surgery, Phoenix, United States, ³University of Leuven, Surgery, Leuven, Belgium

N. Rossen*¹, S. Fuentes², M. van der Spek¹, J. Hartman², W. de Vos², G. D'haens¹, E. Zoetendal², C. Ponsioen¹

¹Academic Medical Center, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²Wageningen University, Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen, Netherlands

W. van Deen, J. Choi, A. Zand, C. Ha, E. Inserra, L. Eimers, A. Centeno, B. Roth, D. Cole, T. Getzug, E. Kane, L. Connoly, M. Ovsiowitz, A. Ho, M. van Oijen, E. Esrailian, D.W. Hommes, UCLA Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Division of Digestive Diseases, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States

C. O'Brien*^{1, 2}, P. Pavli^{1, 2}, D. Gordon³, K. Holt⁴, A. Dubois⁵, A. Darfeuille-Michaud⁵, M. Agnes-Bringer⁵

¹Australian National University, Medical School, Canberra, ACT, Australia, ²Canberra Hospital, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Canberra, ACT, Australia, ³Australian National University, Research School of Biology, Canberra, ACT, Australia, ⁴University of Melbourne, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Melbourne, Australia, ⁵University of Auvergne, Pathogenie Bacterienne Intestinale, Clermont-Ferrand, France

J. Degens¹, M. Romberg-Camps², M. Cilissen³, H. Tomlow³, T. Markus⁴, A. Masclee³, D. Jonkers³, A. van der Meulen-de Jong⁵, M. Pierik⁶, ¹MUMC, division Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht, Netherlands, ²ORBIS Medical Centre, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sittard, Netherlands, ³MUMC, Gastroenterology, Maastricht, Netherlands, ⁴CCUVN, CCUVN, Hoofddorp, Netherlands, ⁵Leiden University Medical Center, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden, Netherlands, ⁶Maastricht University Medical Centre, Internal Medicine – Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht, Netherlands

N. Chen*¹, L. Liu², H. Zheng², J. Zhang², J. Lin², F. Chen³

¹Peking University People's Hopital, The Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing, China, ²Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, The Department of Orthodontics, Beijing, China, ³Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Central Laboratory, Beijing, China

L.H. Nissen¹, D.J. de Jong¹, I.D. Nagtegaal², W. Kievit¹, M.G. Lynch², J.H.J. van Krieken², F. Hoentjen¹, ¹Radboud UMC, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nijmegen, Netherlands, ²Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Pathology, Nijmegen, Netherlands

B. Kantsø¹, J. Simonsen², S. Hoffmann³, P. Valentiner-Branth⁴, A. Munk Petersen⁵, T. Jess², ¹Statens Serum Institut, Microbiological Diagnostics & Virology, Copenhagen, Denmark, ²Statens Serum Institut, Department of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark, ³Statens Serum Institut, Neisseria and Streptococcus Reference Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark, ⁴Statens Serum Institut, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark, ⁵Hvidovre Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Hvidovre, Denmark

L. Biancone¹, C. Petruzziello¹, A. Armuzzi², M.L. Scribano³, R. D'Incà⁴, C. Papi⁵, L. Spina⁶, L. Guidi², A. Kohn³, E. Calabrese¹, G. Condino¹, S. Onali¹, F. Mocciaro⁷, R. Monterubbianesi³, P. Alvisi⁸, W. Fries⁹, G. Riegler¹⁰, F. Castiglione¹¹, I. Frankovic⁴, G. Margagnoni⁵, R. Di Mitri⁷, G. Meucci¹², F. Rogai¹³, S. Ardizzone¹⁴, A. Orlando¹⁵, F. Pallone¹, ¹Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Medicina dei sistemi, cattedra di Gastroenterologia, Roma, Italy, ²Università Cattolica, CIC, Roma, Italy, ³A.O.San Camillo Forlanini, Gastroenterology Unit, Rome, Italy, ⁴University of Padova, Gastroenterology Department, Padova, Italy, ⁵AO S. Filippo Neri, UOC GE/Hep, Roma, Italy, ⁶Università S. Donato, Gastroenterologia, Milano, Italy, ⁷ARNAS Civico-Di Cristina-Benfratelli Hospital, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Palermo, Italy, ⁸Ospedale Maggiore, Pediatria, Bologna, Italy, ⁹Università di Messina, Medicina Interna, Messina, Italy, ¹⁰Seconda Università Napoli, SUN, Napoli, Italy, ¹¹Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Gastroenterologia, Napoli, Italy, ¹²S. Giuseppe Hospital, Gastroenterology, Milano, Italy, ¹³AOU Careggi, Largo Brambilla, Gastroenterologia, Firenze, Italy, ¹⁴Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Milano, Italy, ¹⁵Ospedale Cervello, Medicina Interna, Palermo, Italy

H. Cheddani¹, L. Dauchet², C. Charpentier¹, M. Fumery³, J. Salleron⁴, A.-M. Bouvier⁵, J.-L. Dupas³, F. Vasseur², E. Lerebours¹, L. Armengol-Debeir¹, E. Laberenne⁶, L. Peyrin-Biroulet⁷, J.-F. Colombel⁸, G. Savoye¹, C. Gower-Rousseau^2,9, ¹University and Hospital, Gastroenterology, Rouen, France, ²University and Hospital, Epidemiology, Lille, France, ³University and Hospital, Gastroenterology, Amiens, France, ⁴University and Hospital, Biostatistics EA 2694, Lille, France, ⁵Francim Registry, Public Health, Dijon, France, ⁶Hospital, Gastroenterology, Seclin, France, ⁷University and Hospital, Gastroenterology, Nancy, France, ⁸Hemsley Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Icahn Medical School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New-York, United States, ⁹Health, Epidemiology, Lille, France

G. D'Haens¹, W. Reinisch², J.-F. Colombel³, J. Panes⁴, S. Ghosh⁵, C. Prantera⁶, S. Lindgren⁷, D.W. Hommes⁸, Z. Huang⁹, S. Huyck¹⁰, D.K. Chitkara¹¹, ¹Academic Medical Center, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²Medical University, Department of Internal Medicine III, Vienna, Austria, ³Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Gastroenterology, New York, United States, ⁴Hospital Clinic I Provincial, Department of Inflammatory Disease, Barcelona, Spain, ⁵University of Calgary, Department of Medicine, Calgary, Canada, ⁶AO San Camillo Forlianini, Gastroenterology Operative Unit, Rome, Italy, ⁷University Hospital MAS, Department of Gastroenterology, Malmö, Sweden, ⁸University of California Los Angeles, Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Los Angeles, United States, ⁹Merck Sharp & Dohme, Department of Epidemiology, Kenilworth, United States, ¹⁰Merck Sharp & Dohme, Department of Statistics, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, United States, ¹¹Merck Sharp & Dohme, Department of Clinical Research, Kenilworth, United States

M. Fumery¹, A. Amiot², X. Hebuterne³, S. Nancey⁴, V. Abitbol⁵, C. Stefanescu⁶, J.-P. Le Mouel¹, A. Bressenot⁷, Y. Bouhnik⁶, L. Peyrin-Biroulet⁷, ¹CHU Amiens, Gastroenterologie France, 80, Amiens, France, ²Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Gastroenterologie, Creteil, France, ³CHU de Nice, Gastroenterologie, Nice, France, ⁴Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon-Sud hospital, Gastroenterology, Pierre Benite, France, ⁵Hôpital Cochin, Gastroenterology, Paris, France, ⁶Hopital Beaujon – APHP, Gastroenterologie, Clichy, France, ⁷CHU de Nancy, Gastroenterologie, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France